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Preface – Author’s Note
Abstract
I. Introduction
B. Previous Work
C. Peer Review
D. About the Bath Tub Model, Styles, and Glacial Dynamics
E. A closer look at physiography
F. Global Warming
G. Early Human Migration
H. Metric versus English System
II. Ice Margin Features
B. Ice Margin Feature Types
1. End Moraines and Stagnant Ice Deposits
2. Ice Marginal Channels
3. Ice Marginal Steps
4. Drainage Lines
5. Deltas and Kame Deltas
6. Scabby Terrain
7. Bedrock Grooves
8. Ice Tongue Grooves
9. Shattuck Mountain Potholes
10. Calving Ice Shelf Features
11. Ice Margin Lines
12. Other Features
C. “Nature” of Ice margins
1. Active Ice Margins
2. Stagnant Ice Margins
3. “Hybrid Ice Margins”
4. “Step-down Ice Margins”
5. “Nourished Ice Margins”
6. Calving Ice Shelves and Destabilized Ice Margins
7. “Everything, Everywhere, All at Once, and Continuing” Ice Margins”
8. “Disaggregated Margins”
9. “Diachronic Ice Margins”
10. “Oscillatory versus Readvance Margins”
11. “Warm versus Cold Based Ice Margins”
D. Usage of Ice margin features in a Bath Tub Model – Validity & Mechanics
E. Ice Margin “Paradigm Traps” and “Blinders”
III. Deglacial History, Styles, and Glacial Dynamics – January 2026
B. Tabular Summary of Ice Margin T times and Levels
C. Regional Deglacial History – Ice Margin Positions, Levels, and Times
D. Chronological History Narrative Summary
E. Cautionary Note
F. Late Project Epiphanies
IV. April 2026 Addendum
B. 2026 VCGI LiDAR imagery Evidence
a. Linear and Curvilinear Features: Ice Margin Lines, Mega-Scale Lineations , Moraines, and Streaks
b. Scarps
c. Transverse Morainic Ridges
C. 2026 Field Study
a. LaPlatte Basin
b. Lewis Creek Basin
c. Little Otter Creek Basin
d. Vergennes vicinity
e. Addison area – Scarps, “ Ice Margin Lines,” “Mega Scale Lineations,” and “Streaks”
f. Palmer Corner to Addison Nobs
g. Palmer Corner, West Bridport, and Cream Hill area
h. Orwell – Brandon area
D. Revised interpretation of the late deglacial history of the Champlain lobe
E. Addendum Summary and Conclusions
V. Summary and Conclusions – January 2026
V. Epilogue
VII. Appendices
B. Detailed Locales
1. Lower Connecticut Basin – Locale LC1
2. Middle Connecticut Basin – Locale MC1
3. Southern Champlain Basin- Vermont Valley Locale CB1
4. Middle Champlain Basin Locale CB2 – Rutland to Burlington area
5. Winooski Basin – Locales W1, W2, and W3
6. Lamoille Basin
7. Northeastern Champlain Basin – Locales CV1 -CV4
8. Northwestern Champlain Basin – Locales CV5-CV8
9. Memphremagog Basin – Locales M1-M4
10. Upper Connecticut Basin Locale
C. Correlative Ice Margins in Quebec, New York, and New Hampshire
D. Recognition of Calving Ice Margins
E. Wagner September 2023 Open Letter to the Vermont State Geologist
VIII. Bibliography
vermontdeglacialhistory.org
Home
Table of Contents
Preface: Author’s Note
Abstract
I. Introduction
B. Previous Work
C. Peer Review
D. About the Bath Tub Model, Styles, and Glacial Dynamics
E. A closer look at physiography
F. Global Warming
G. Early Human Migration
H. Metric versus English System
II. Ice Margin Features
B. Ice Margin Feature Types
1. End Moraines and Stagnant Ice Deposits
2. Ice Marginal Channels
3. Ice Marginal Steps
4. Drainage Lines
5. Deltas and Kame Deltas
6. Scabby Terrain
7. Bedrock Grooves
8. Ice Tongue Grooves
9. Shattuck Mountain Potholes
10. Calving Ice Shelf Features
11. Ice Margin Lines
12. Other Features
C. “Nature” of Ice margins
1. Active Ice Margins
2. Stagnant Ice Margins
3. “Hybrid Ice Margins”
4. “Step-down Ice Margins”
5. “Nourished Ice Margins”
6. Calving Ice Shelves and Destabilized Ice Margins
7. “Everything, Everywhere, All at Once, and Continuing” Ice Margins”
8. “Disaggregated Margins”
9. “Diachronic Ice Margins”
10. “Oscillatory versus Readvance Margins”
11. “Warm versus Cold Based Ice Margins”
D. Usage of Ice margin features in a Bath Tub Model – Validity & Mechanics
E. Ice Margin “Paradigm Traps” and “Blinders”
III. Deglacial History, Styles, and Glacial Dynamics – January 2026
B. Tabular Summary of Ice Margin T times and Levels
C. Regional Deglacial History – Ice Margin Positions, Levels, and Times
1. T1 ice margin position, level, and time
2. T2 ice margin position, level, and time
3. T3 ice margin position, level, and time
4. T4 ice margin position, level, and time
5. Early T6 ice margin position, level, and time
6. Late T6 and T7 Ice Margin Position, Level, and Time
7. T8 Ice Margin Position, Level and Time
D. Chronological History Narrative Summary
E. Cautionary Note
F. Late Project Epiphanies
IV. April 2026 Addendum
B. 2026 VCGI LiDAR imagery Evidence
a. Linear and Curvilinear Features: Ice Margin Lines, Mega-Scale Lineations , Moraines, and Streaks
b. Scarps
c. Transverse Morainic Ridges
C. 2026 Field Study
a. LaPlatte Basin
b. Lewis Creek Basin
c. Little Otter Creek Basin
d. Vergennes vicinity
e. Addison area – Scarps, “ Ice Margin Lines,” “Mega Scale Lineations,” and “Streaks”
f. Palmer Corner to Addison Nobs
g. Palmer Corner, West Bridport, and Cream Hill area
h. Orwell – Brandon area
D. Revised interpretation of the late deglacial history of the Champlain lobe
E. Addendum Summary and Conclusions
V. Summary and Conclusions – January 2026
V. Epilogue
VII. Appendices
B. Detailed Locales
1. Lower Connecticut Basin – Locale LC1
2. Middle Connecticut Basin – Locale MC1
3. Southern Champlain Basin- Vermont Valley Locale CB1
4. Middle Champlain Basin Locale CB2 – Rutland to Burlington area
5. Winooski Basin – Locales W1, W2, and W3
6. Lamoille Basin
7. Northeastern Champlain Basin – Locales CV1 -CV4
8. Northwestern Champlain Basin – Locales CV5-CV8
9. Memphremagog Basin – Locales M1-M4
10. Upper Connecticut Basin Locale
C. Correlative Ice Margins in Quebec, New York, and New Hampshire
D. Recognition of Calving Ice Margins
E. Wagner September 2023 Open Letter to the Vermont State Geologist
VIII. Bibliography
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